Farzanegan F, Morteza-Saadat-Mostafavi S, Ameri H, Khaki H. Effects of fluoride versus amorphous calcium phosphate solutions on enamel microhardness of white spot lesions: An in-vitro study. J Clin Exp Dent. 2019;11(3):e219-24.

 

doi:10.4317/jced.54448

http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/jced.54448

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

References

1. Øgaard B. Prevalence of white spot lesions in 19-near-olds: A study on untreated and orthodontically treated persons 5 years after treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989;96:423-7.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(89)90327-2

PMid:2816842

2. Zaghrisson BU, Zachrisson S. Caries incidence and oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment. Scand J Dent Res. 1971;79:394-401.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.1971.tb02028.x

PMid:5288673

 

3. Gwinnett AJ, Ceen RF. Plaque distribution on bonded brackets: a scanning microscope study. Am J Orthod. 1979;75:667-77.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(79)90098-8

PMid:377979

 

4. Mizrahi E. Enamel demineralization following orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod. 1982;82:62-7.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(82)90548-6

PMid:6984291

 

5. Geiger AM, Gorelick L, Gwinnett AJ, Griswold PG. The effect of a fluoride program on white spot formation during orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1988;93:29-37.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(88)90190-4

PMid:3276146

 

6. Zachrisson BU, Zachrisson S. Caries incidence and orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Scand J Dent Res. 1971;79:183-92.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.1971.tb02008.x

PMid:5285724

 

7. Corbett J, Brown L, Keene H, Horton I. Comparison of Streptococcus mutans concentrations in non-banded and banded orthodontic patients. J Dent Res. 1981;60:1936-42.
https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345810600120301
PMid:6946108

 

8. Øgaard B, Rølla G, Arends J. Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization: Part 1. Lesion development. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1988;94:68-73.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(88)90453-2

PMid:3164585

 

9. Southard T, Cohen M, Rails S, Rouse L. Effects of fixed-appliance orthodontic treatment on DMF indices. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986;90:122-6.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(86)90043-0

PMid:3461705

 

10. Sudjalim TR, Woods MG, Manton DJ. Prevention of white spot lesions in orthodontic practice: a contemporary review. Aust Dent J. 2006;51:284-9; quiz 347.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1834-7819.2006.tb00445.x
PMid:17256301

 

11. Cate Jt. Review on fluoride, with special emphasis on calcium fluoride mechanisms in caries prevention. . Eur J Oral Sci. 1997;105:461-5.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.1997.tb00231.x

PMid:9395110

 

12. Geiger AM, Gorelick L, Gwinnett AJ, Benson BJ. Reducing white spot lesions in orthodontic populations with fluoride rinsing. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1992;101:403-7.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(92)70112-N

PMid:1590288

 

13. Du M, Cheng N, Tai B, Jiang H, Li J, Bian Z. Randomized controlled trial on fluoride varnish application for treatment of white spot lesion after fixed orthodontic treatment. Clin Oral Investig. 2012;16:463-8.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-011-0520-4
PMid:21331637 PMCid:PMC5995463

 

14. Oliveira PRA, Coutinho TCL, Portela MB, Paula VCA, Tostes MA. Influence of biofilm formation on the mechanical properties of enamel after treatment with CPP-ACP creme. Braz Oral Res. 2017;31:e84.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0084
PMid:29185603

 

15. Reynolds EC. Anticariogenic complexes of amorphous calcium phosphate stabilized by casein phosphopeptides: a review. Spec Care Dentist. 1998;18:8-16.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-4505.1998.tb01353.x
PMid:9791302

 

16. Reynolds E, Cai F, Shen P, Walker G. Retention in plaque and remineralization of enamel lesions by various forms of calcium in a mouthrinse or sugar-free chewing gum. J Dent Res. 2003;82:206-11.
https://doi.org/10.1177/154405910308200311
PMid:12598550

 

17. Benson PE, Parkin N, Millett DT, Dyer FE, Vine S, Shah A. Fluorides for the prevention of white spots on teeth during fixed brace treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;3:Cd003809.
https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003809.pub2

PMid:15266503

 

18. Lopatiene K, Borisovaite M, Lapenaite E. Prevention and Treatment of White Spot Lesions During and After Treatment with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: a Systematic Literature Review. J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2016;7:e1.
https://doi.org/10.5037/jomr.2016.7201
PMid:27489605 PMCid:PMC4970501

 

19. Beerens M, Van Der Veen M, Van Beek H, Ten Cate J. Effects of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate paste on white spot lesions and dental plaque after orthodontic treatment: a 3-month follow-up. Eur J Oral Sci. 2010;118:610-7.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00780.x
PMid:21083623

 

20. Panich M, Poolthong S. The effect of casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate and a cola soft drink on in vitro enamel hardness. J Am Dent Assoc. 2009;140:455-60.
https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2009.0195
PMid:19339535

 

21. Featherstone JD, Zero DT. An in situ model for simultaneous assessment of inhibition of demineralization and enhancement of remineralization. J Dent Res. 1992;71:804-10.
https://doi.org/10.1177/002203459207100S02
PMid:1592963

 

22. Derks A, Katsaros C, Frencken J, Van't Hof M, Kuijpers-Jagtman A. Caries-inhibiting effect of preventive measures during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Caries Res. 2004;38:413-20.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000079621
PMid:15316184

 

23. Hochli D, Hersberger-Zurfluh M, Papageorgiou SN, Eliades T. Interventions for orthodontically induced white spot lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthod. 2017;39:122-33.
PMid:27907894

 

24. Guclu ZA, Alacam A, Coleman NJ. A 12-Week Assessment of the Treatment of White Spot Lesions with CPP-ACP Paste and/or Fluoride Varnish. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:8357621.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8357621
PMid:27843950 PMCid:PMC5097823

 

25. Kumar V, Itthagarun A, King N. The effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on remineralization of artificial caries-like lesions: An in vitro study. Aust Dent J. 2008;53:34-40.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1834-7819.2007.00006.x
PMid:18304239

 

26. Andersson A, Skold-Larsson K, Hallgren A, Petersson LG, Twetman S. Effect of a dental cream containing amorphous cream phosphate complexes on white spot lesion regression assessed by laser fluorescence. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2007;5:229-33.
PMid:17977295

 

27. Bröchner A, Christensen C, Kristensen B, Tranæus S, Karlsson L, Sonnesen L, et al. Treatment of post-orthodontic white spot lesions with casein phosphopeptide-stabilised amorphous calcium phosphate. Clin Oral Investig. 2011;15:369-73.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-010-0401-2
PMid:20383545

 

28. Tranaeus S, Al-Khateeb S, Bjorkman S, Twetman S, Angmar-Mansson B. Application of quantitative light-induced fluorescence to monitor incipient lesions in caries-active children. A comparative study of remineralisation by fluoride varnish and professional cleaning. Eur J Oral Sci. 2001;109:71-5.
https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0722.2001.00997.x
PMid:11347658

 

29. Tranaeus S, Shi XQ, Lindgren LE, Trollsas K, Angmar-Mansson B. In vivo repeatability and reproducibility of the quantitative light-induced fluorescence method. Caries Res. 2002;36:3-9.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000057583
PMid:11961323

 

30. Pithon MM, Dos Santos MJ, Andrade CS, Leão Filho JCB, Braz AKS, de Araujo RE, et al. Effectiveness of varnish with CPP–ACP in prevention of caries lesions around orthodontic brackets: an OCT evaluation. Eur J Orthod. 2014;37:177-82.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cju031
PMid:24997026